Abstract
The University of Central Florida invention provides freestanding, nanoporous thin films (NPFs) to help meet the challenges in renewable energy production and conversion applications. With its unique electrodeposition process, the UCF technology uses low-cost, earth-abundant resources such as iron (Fe), cobalt (Co) and nickel (Ni).
Traditional energy conversion and storage materials comprise powders and particles that require organic binders and current collectors for electrode assembly. However, the organic binders in the materials increase electrode resistance and complicate material recycling. The physical deposition methods for growing thin films (such as sputtering, evaporation, and epitaxy techniques) make it difficult to control the nanostructure. Also, the substrate on which the thin film forms is not easily removable, thus limiting the film’s applications.
As a solution, the UCF invention does not require organic binders or current collectors. The invention offers better control over the nanostructure growth and enables easy removal of the NPF from the substrate, which can then be recycled. Applications for the material may include electrodes in catalysis, supercapacitors, lithium batteries, fuel cells, hydrogen storage, CO2 storage, separation and sensing, seawater desalination, writing heads, compact disks, and shielding foil.
Technical Details
The UCF invention consists of freestanding NPFs and a process for producing the NPFs and layers. The process results in unique nanoporous structures through the electrodeposition of Fe, Co, Ni, and their alloying combinations (such as NiFe, NiCo, FeCo, NiFeCo). The thin films can be further enhanced by treating the deposit layers with anodization or, in some cases, chemical vapor deposition. One of the advantages of the chemical deposition processes is that certain metals (such as iron) may be deposited onto the substrate without oxidation.
In one embodiment, the electrodeposition process involves submerging a substrate in an electrochemical deposit bath with a metal salt and saccharin. The time that the substrate remains in the bath depends on the desired thickness of the NPF. In the example, the nanoporous and flexible film has pores with about 20 nm diameters formed after anodization. In an alternative embodiment, the pore sizes may range from 15-25 nm. Alternatively, pore sizes may range from 18-22 nm.
Partnering Opportunity
The research team is seeking partners for licensing, research collaboration, or both.
Stage of Development
Prototype available.
Benefit
Cost-effective, with baths that are easy to make and useFreestanding NPFs can replace traditional energy conversion and storage materials Offers a broad diversity in deposited alloy compositions and their applicationsFilms can be removed from the substrate after deposition or anodizationRecyclable conductive substratesMarket Application
Electronic devices (such as batteries, electrodes, semiconductors, H storage, supercapacitors)Water splittingFlexible and wearable electronicsWater and air purification
Brochure
